Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic

MARI1660 C. Marius (14, Supb. 6) C. f. C. n. Cor.

Status

  • Nobilis Expand

    Sall. Jug. 85.17, 85.25 ("nova nobilitas"), 85.30, Schol. Bob. Sull. 80 Stangl (Arpinate nobility)

  • Novus Expand

    Sall. Jug. 73.7; Sall. Jug. 85; Cic. Verr. 2.5.181; Cic. Mur. 17; Vell. 2.128; Val. Max. 2.3

  • Eques R Expand

    Nicolet Ref 223. Vell. 2.11.1, Tac. Hist. 2.28.3. natus equestri loco, homo novus

Life Dates

  • 158?, birth (Rüpke 2005)
  • 86, death (Broughton MRR II) Expand

    Natural.

Relationships

son of
Fulcinia (10) (married to C. Marius (A)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Plut. Marc. 30.6

C. Marius (A) (married to Fulcinia (10)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Plut. Mar. 3.1

brother of
? M. Marius (22) Cor. (pr.? 102) (Nicolet 1974)
? Maria (73) (daughter of? C. Marius (A)) (DPRR Team)
Maria (74) (daughter of? C. Marius (A)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Plut. Mar. 14.3(4)

married to
Iulia (541) (daughter of C. Iulius (129) Caesar) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Plut. Caes. 1.1, Plut. Caes. 5.1

father of
C. Marius (15) C. f. C. n. (cos. 82) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Cic. leg. III 36

stepfather of
? Cn. Granius (4) (stepson of? C. Marius (14, Supb. 6) C. f. C. n. Cor. (cos. 107)) (Zmeskal 2009)
? Q. Granius (4) (sen. 82) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Plut. Mar. 35.6

Career

  • Tribunus Militum before 123 (Broughton MRR III) Expand
    • At some time after Marius' military service under Scipio at Numantia (MRR 1.492, note 3), he was defeated when a candidate for municipal office in Arpinum (Val. Max. 6.9.14; Plut. Mar. 3.2). His political career began with election to the military tribunate (Sall. Iug. 63.4; Plut. Reg. Et Imp. Apothegm. 202B), perhaps as early as 129, as Badian suggests (Gnomon 33, 1961, 496; Durham Univ. Jour. 36, 1964, 144; cf. Gabba, ANRW 1.1.270), when he could have served in Asia under M'. Aquillius, whose son was his colleague as consul in 101, but in any case by ca. 124, as Carney suggests (Biog. Marius 16-17), when, he could have served under a Metellan patron (MRR 1.513) and still have time for a quaestorship and a defeat for the tribunate of the plebs before being elected for 119 (Val. Max. 6.9.14). Cf. also J. Suolahti, Junior Officers 373. His quaestorship should be dated with Carney (loc. Cit.) to 123 or 122, in any case not later than 121. 1 wish to thank M. Maurice Fievez for drawing my attention to my omission of the junior appointments in the original volumes and for his comments. He accepts 122 or 123 for the military tribunate and 121 for the quaestorship. See Suolahti, Junior Officers 312, 405. Praetor 115. He may have gone to Hisp. Ult. With proconsular imperium, and remained until Piso came to succeed him in 113 (Sumner, Orators 72; cf. MRR 1.532, 534, 535, note 3), thus excluding from the Spanish record M. Iunius Silanus (169), Cos. 109, whose date as praetor and whose province remain uncertain (cf. MRR 1.535, 538). Libera Legatio to Asia. I did not state in Historia 2, 1953, 210-211 that Marius met the Battaces on his visit to Rome in 102 (cf. Badian, Gnomon 33, 1961, 496). My point was simply that the special assurances of victory which came through him from the Magna Mater at that time provided a suitable official reason for Marius' trip to Asia, probably in 98. He may possibly have gone to Asia and returned in time to appear at the trial of M'. Aquillius, which may then be dated to 97-96. On his activity and purposes in Asia Minor, see now T. J. Luce, Historia 19, 1970, 161-191, esp. 161-168; and M. Sordi, RIL 107, 1972, 30-37.[139x] (Broughton MRR III)
  • Quaestor before 120 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Elog., CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83; CIL 10.5782; Val. Max. 6.9.14; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.1. As he held the Tribunate of the Plebs in 119, his quaestorship in all probability precedes 120. (Broughton MRR I)
    • At some time after Marius' military service under Scipio at Numantia (MRR 1.492, note 3), he was defeated when a candidate for municipal office in Arpinum (Val. Max. 6.9.14; Plut. Mar. 3.2). His political career began with election to the military tribunate (Sall. Iug. 63.4; Plut. Reg. Et Imp. Apothegm. 202B), perhaps as early as 129, as Badian suggests (Gnomon 33, 1961, 496; Durham Univ. Jour. 36, 1964, 144; cf. Gabba, ANRW 1.1.270), when he could have served in Asia under M'. Aquillius, whose son was his colleague as consul in 101, but in any case by ca. 124, as Carney suggests (Biog. Marius 16-17), when, he could have served under a Metellan patron (MRR 1.513) and still have time for a quaestorship and a defeat for the tribunate of the plebs before being elected for 119 (Val. Max. 6.9.14). Cf. also J. Suolahti, Junior Officers 373. His quaestorship should be dated with Carney (loc. Cit.) to 123 or 122, in any case not later than 121. 1 wish to thank M. Maurice Fievez for drawing my attention to my omission of the junior appointments in the original volumes and for his comments. He accepts 122 or 123 for the military tribunate and 121 for the quaestorship. See Suolahti, Junior Officers 312, 405. Praetor 115. He may have gone to Hisp. Ult. With proconsular imperium, and remained until Piso came to succeed him in 113 (Sumner, Orators 72; cf. MRR 1.532, 534, 535, note 3), thus excluding from the Spanish record M. Iunius Silanus (169), Cos. 109, whose date as praetor and whose province remain uncertain (cf. MRR 1.535, 538). Libera Legatio to Asia. I did not state in Historia 2, 1953, 210-211 that Marius met the Battaces on his visit to Rome in 102 (cf. Badian, Gnomon 33, 1961, 496). My point was simply that the special assurances of victory which came through him from the Magna Mater at that time provided a suitable official reason for Marius' trip to Asia, probably in 98. He may possibly have gone to Asia and returned in time to appear at the trial of M'. Aquillius, which may then be dated to 97-96. On his activity and purposes in Asia Minor, see now T. J. Luce, Historia 19, 1970, 161-191, esp. 161-168; and M. Sordi, RIL 107, 1972, 30-37.[139x] (Broughton MRR III)
  • Repulsa (Tr. Pl.) before 119 (Pina Polo 2012) Expand
    • pp. 65-72 (Pina Polo 2012)
  • Tribunus Plebis 119 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83; CIL 10.5782; Val. Max. 6.9.14. Introduced a law to narrow the passages between the voting pens, and broke the opposition of Consuls and Senate by threatening to arrest the Consuls. He also opposed a grain bill (Plut. Mar. 4.2-4; cf. Cic. Leg. 3.38). (Broughton MRR I)
    • p. 257-63 (Thommen 1989)
  • Repulsa (Aed.) c. 117 (Pina Polo 2012) Expand
    • pp. 65-72 (Pina Polo 2012)
  • Praetor 115 Hispania Ulterior? (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Elected last, he narrowly escaped conviction for bribery (Val. Max. 6.9.14; Plut. Mar. 5.2-5). See also Cic. Off. 3.79; CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83; Plut. Mar. 6.1. (Broughton MRR I)
    • As Scaurus was Princeps Senatus in 112 (Sall. Iug. 25.4), he must have been appointed by the Censors of 115, although, as Mommsen pointed out (Str. 3.970), there had not been a certain example of a Princeps Senatus who was not a patrician Censor or ex-Censor (see however 125, Censors, on P. Cornelius Lentulus). It seems probable that no patrician ex-Censors remained alive in 115. The latest reference to one is that to Servilius Caepio in 125 (see 125, Censors), the date of whose death remains unknown (see Cic. Att. 12.20.2; and 105, Quaestors). Scaurus was repeatedly reappointed and his position is often mentioned (Cic. Rab. Perd. 21; Scaur. 1.46; De Or. 2.197; Val. Max. 4.4.11; 8.5.2; Ascon. 18, and 22 C; Plin. NH 36.116). (Broughton MRR I)
    • At some time after Marius' military service under Scipio at Numantia (MRR 1.492, note 3), he was defeated when a candidate for municipal office in Arpinum (Val. Max. 6.9.14; Plut. Mar. 3.2). His political career began with election to the military tribunate (Sall. Iug. 63.4; Plut. Reg. Et Imp. Apothegm. 202B), perhaps as early as 129, as Badian suggests (Gnomon 33, 1961, 496; Durham Univ. Jour. 36, 1964, 144; cf. Gabba, ANRW 1.1.270), when he could have served in Asia under M'. Aquillius, whose son was his colleague as consul in 101, but in any case by ca. 124, as Carney suggests (Biog. Marius 16-17), when, he could have served under a Metellan patron (MRR 1.513) and still have time for a quaestorship and a defeat for the tribunate of the plebs before being elected for 119 (Val. Max. 6.9.14). Cf. also J. Suolahti, Junior Officers 373. His quaestorship should be dated with Carney (loc. Cit.) to 123 or 122, in any case not later than 121. 1 wish to thank M. Maurice Fievez for drawing my attention to my omission of the junior appointments in the original volumes and for his comments. He accepts 122 or 123 for the military tribunate and 121 for the quaestorship. See Suolahti, Junior Officers 312, 405. Praetor 115. He may have gone to Hisp. Ult. With proconsular imperium, and remained until Piso came to succeed him in 113 (Sumner, Orators 72; cf. MRR 1.532, 534, 535, note 3), thus excluding from the Spanish record M. Iunius Silanus (169), Cos. 109, whose date as praetor and whose province remain uncertain (cf. MRR 1.535, 538). Libera Legatio to Asia. I did not state in Historia 2, 1953, 210-211 that Marius met the Battaces on his visit to Rome in 102 (cf. Badian, Gnomon 33, 1961, 496). My point was simply that the special assurances of victory which came through him from the Magna Mater at that time provided a suitable official reason for Marius' trip to Asia, probably in 98. He may possibly have gone to Asia and returned in time to appear at the trial of M'. Aquillius, which may then be dated to 97-96. On his activity and purposes in Asia Minor, see now T. J. Luce, Historia 19, 1970, 161-191, esp. 161-168; and M. Sordi, RIL 107, 1972, 30-37.[139x] (Broughton MRR III)
    • p. 745, footnote 221 (Brennan 2000)
  • Promagistrate 114 Hispania Ulterior?, Hispania Ulterior (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Passerini (Athenaeum 12 [1934] 17) rejects the promagistracy of Marius because his achievement in Spain, though told in Plutarch, comes from encomiastic sources and is not mentioned in the Elogium (CIL 1(2).1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83), and because it was not an established practice before the Sullan reforms to hold a magistracy in the city in one year and proceed to a provincial command in the next (hence Albucius in 113 and Sextius or Sextilius in 88 should also be rejected). It seems unlikely that so official a matter as a provincial command would be invented, nor were all steps in a career always recounted in the Elogia. Moreover, there are cases before Sulla's reform of a city magistracy before a provincial command, such as the offices of Gellius and Sentius in 94 and 93; and Balsdon has shown that even after Sulla the distinction between functions in the city and in the provinces was not strictly maintained (JRS 29 [1939] 57ff.). See Broughton, AJA 52 (1948) 328, note 31. (Broughton MRR I)
    • Governor, probably Proconsul, in Farther Spain, where he is said to have relieved the province of banditry (Plut. Mar. 6.1; cf. Cic. Verr. 2.3.209). (Broughton MRR I)
    • At some time after Marius' military service under Scipio at Numantia (MRR 1.492, note 3), he was defeated when a candidate for municipal office in Arpinum (Val. Max. 6.9.14; Plut. Mar. 3.2). His political career began with election to the military tribunate (Sall. Iug. 63.4; Plut. Reg. Et Imp. Apothegm. 202B), perhaps as early as 129, as Badian suggests (Gnomon 33, 1961, 496; Durham Univ. Jour. 36, 1964, 144; cf. Gabba, ANRW 1.1.270), when he could have served in Asia under M'. Aquillius, whose son was his colleague as consul in 101, but in any case by ca. 124, as Carney suggests (Biog. Marius 16-17), when, he could have served under a Metellan patron (MRR 1.513) and still have time for a quaestorship and a defeat for the tribunate of the plebs before being elected for 119 (Val. Max. 6.9.14). Cf. also J. Suolahti, Junior Officers 373. His quaestorship should be dated with Carney (loc. Cit.) to 123 or 122, in any case not later than 121. 1 wish to thank M. Maurice Fievez for drawing my attention to my omission of the junior appointments in the original volumes and for his comments. He accepts 122 or 123 for the military tribunate and 121 for the quaestorship. See Suolahti, Junior Officers 312, 405. Praetor 115. He may have gone to Hisp. Ult. With proconsular imperium, and remained until Piso came to succeed him in 113 (Sumner, Orators 72; cf. MRR 1.532, 534, 535, note 3), thus excluding from the Spanish record M. Iunius Silanus (169), Cos. 109, whose date as praetor and whose province remain uncertain (cf. MRR 1.535, 538). Libera Legatio to Asia. I did not state in Historia 2, 1953, 210-211 that Marius met the Battaces on his visit to Rome in 102 (cf. Badian, Gnomon 33, 1961, 496). My point was simply that the special assurances of victory which came through him from the Magna Mater at that time provided a suitable official reason for Marius' trip to Asia, probably in 98. He may possibly have gone to Asia and returned in time to appear at the trial of M'. Aquillius, which may then be dated to 97-96. On his activity and purposes in Asia Minor, see now T. J. Luce, Historia 19, 1970, 161-191, esp. 161-168; and M. Sordi, RIL 107, 1972, 30-37.[139x] (Broughton MRR III)
  • Legatus (Lieutenant) 109 Numidia (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Served under Metellus in Numidia (Sall. Iug. 46.7; Vell. 2.11.1; Plut. Mar. 7.1), and had a great part in his military successes (Sall. Iug. 50.2; 55-60; Plut.), but quarrelled with Metellus when the latter opposed his ambition to win the consulship (Sall. Iug. 63-65; Plut. Mar. 7-8; Dio 26, fr. 89; cf. Vell. 2.11.2). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Legatus (Lieutenant) 108 Numidia (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Served under Metellus in Numidia, and after increasing friction with his commander returned home and became a successful candidate for the consulship (Cic. Off. 3.79; Sall. Iug. 73.1-7, cf. 63-65; Diod. 34-35.38; Vell. 2.11.2; Plut. Mar. 8; Plin. NH 11.189; App. Num. 3; Dio 26, fr. 89; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Consul 107 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • A small fragment of Fast. Cap., first published by Hülsen (MDAI(R) 19 [1904] 123), was then left unplaced, but Cichorius' suggestion (RS 125-130) that it relates to years 107-105 has been accepted by Degrassi (54f., 128). See also 106, Consuls, on Servilius. (Broughton MRR I)
    • CIL 1 .2.697; Fast. Ant., Degrassi 162f. (L. Cassi Lo[nginus], [C. Mari. C.] f.); Plin. NH 10.36; Chr. 354 (Longino et Nepote); Fast. Hyd. (Longino et Marino); Chr. Pasc. ({Gr}); Cassiod.; on Marius, Cic. Off. 3.79; Fast. Cap., Degrassi 54f. ([C. Marius] C. f. C. n[epos]); Elogium, CIL 1(2).1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83, and 17. See Degrassi 128, 476f. Cassius received command in Gaul, where he first won ground about Tolosa against the Volcae, but was disastrously defeated by the Tigurini and killed (Caes. BG 1.7.4, 12.5-7, 13.2, and 14.3; Liv. Per. 65; Tac. Germ. 37; App. Celt. 1.3; Oros. 5.15.23-24). Marius received Metellus' command in Africa against Jugurtha by popular vote (Elogium, extra sortem; Sall. Iug. 73.7; 82.2; 84.1; 85.10; Plut. Mar. 9.1). His preparations, including the recruitment of an army on a new basis, probably occupied much of the year, the rest of which was spent in capturing Capsa and other Numidian strongholds (Sall. Iug. 84-92; Plut. Mar. 9-10; cf. Strabo 17.3.12; Frontin. Str. 2.3.1; 4.1.7; Flor. 1.36.13-14; Oros. 5.15.8; Fest. s. v. "Aerumnulus," and "Muli Mariani," 22, and 134 L, and on his legion, 453 L). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Proconsul 106 Numidia (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Continued in command against Jugurtha (Sall. Iug. 97.4, Consul; 100.3; 102.1), he carried the war to western Numidia, and fought a hard but in the end successful battle against the Numidians and Moors as he brought his army to winter-quarters near Cirta (Sall. Iug. 92-101; Diod. 36.1; Frontin. Str. 2.4.10; 3.9.3; Flor. 1.36.14; Dio 26, fr. 89.5; Oros. 5.15.9-18). It was after this the Mauretanian king began his attempt to negotiate for peace (Sall. Iug. 102.2-3; App. Num. 4; Dio 26, fr. 89.5). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Proconsul 105 Numidia (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Having successfully concluded the war in Numidia with the capture of Jugurtha (see above, on Sulla), he returned to Rome, already elected Consul for 104 (Cic. Leg. Man. 60; Sall. Iug. 102-114; Diod. 34-35.39; Liv. Per. 67; Elogium, CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83, and 17; Vell. 2.12.1-2; Val. Max. 8.14.4; Plut. Mar. 10-12; Sull. 3.1-4; Praec. ger. rei pub. 12.3-4; Flor. 1.36.15-18; App. Num. 4-5; Dio 26,{557} fr. 89.5-6; Eutrop. 4.27.4; 5.1.3; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.2; Oros. 5.15.18-19; cf. Schol. Bob. 93 Stangl). (Broughton MRR I)
    • See Mommsen, Ges. Schr. 7.517f., and the discussion in RE 1 A. 1273. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Consul 104 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • CIL 1 .2.679; Fast. Ant., Degrassi 162f. ([C. Mari. C. f.] II, C. F[1]avi. Fimbr.); Ascon. 78, and 81 C; Obseq. 43; Chr. 354 (Mario II et Fimbrio); Fast. Hyd. (Mario II et Timbria); Chr. Pasc. ({Gr}); Cassiod.; and on Fimbria, Cic. Verr. 2.5.181; Planc. 12; Rab. Perd. 21; Off. 3.77; Val. Max. 7.2.4, with praenomen L. See Degrassi 128, 476f. Marius celebrated his triumph over Jugurtha on the first of January (Elogia, CIL 1(2).1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83, and 17; Sall. Iug. 114.3; Act. Tr., Degrassi 84f., 561; Liv. Per. 67; Val. Max. 2.2.3; 6.9.14; 8.15.7; Vell. 2.12.1; Lucan Pharsal. 3.903; Plin. NH 33.12; Suet. Iug. 11; Plut. Mar. 12.2-5; Sull. 3.3; Flor. 1.36.17; Dio 48.4.5; Eutrop. 4.27.6; Oros. 5.15.19), and deposited considerable booty in the treasury (Plut. Mar. 12.4). He immediately received command in Gaul against the Cimbri, the Teutoni, and their allies (Cic. Leg. Man. 60; Prov. Cons. 19, and 32; Sall. Iug. 114.3; Liv. Per. 67; Vell. 2.12.1-2; Flor. 1.38.4-5; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.2; Oros. 5.16.7), and used the respite given by their invasion of Spain (Liv. Per. 67; Plut. Mar. 14.1; Obseq. 43) to gather a new army, reorganize both it and the old one, and give them a severe training (Cic. Mil. 9; Strabo 4.1.8; Vell. 2.12.3; Ps.-Cic. Ad Octavian. 10; Plin. NH 3.34; 10.16; Frontin. Str. 4.2.2; Plut. Mar. 12-16; Sert. 3; Veget. RM 3.10; Fest. 22, and 134-135 L). He was reelected Consul in his absence (Liv. Per. 67; Plut. Mar. 14.6). Fimbria's acts are unrecorded, but he was later prosecuted, the charge not stated, with Aemilius Scaurus witnessing against him, and was acquitted (Cic. Font. 24; Val. Max. 8.5.2). See Praetors, on Memmius. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Triumphator 104 (Rich 2014) Expand
    • Triumph de Numideis et rege Iugurtha. MRR I.558, Itgenshorst no. 232, Rich no. 232. (Rich 2014)
  • Consul 103 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Fast. Ant., Degrassi 162f. ([C. Mari. C. f.] III, (obiit) L. Au[reli. Orestes]); Chr. 354 (Mario III et Horeste); Fast. Hyd. (Mario III et Oreste), so also Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; and on Marius, Elogium, CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83; Liv. Per. 67; Eutrop. 5.1.3. See Degrassi 128, 476f. While the Cimbri and the Teutoni moved from Spain to northern Gaul Marius continued his policy of watchful waiting and his military regime of exercise and labor (Caes. BG 2.4.2, cf. 29.4; Vell. 2.12.3; Plut. Sert. 3.2). Orestes died in office (Fast. Ant.; Plut. Mar. 14.7). When Marius was therefore compelled to return for the elections, his consent to reelection for 102 was made to appear an answer to a popular "draft" and Saturninus' appeal to his sense of public duty (Liv. Per. 67; Plut. Mar. 14.6-8). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Triumphator? 102 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Triumph? de Teutoneis et Ambroneis. Decreed by Senate, refused(?) by Marius. MRR I.567. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Consul 102 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • CIL 1 .2.699, 700; Cic. Arch. 5; Plin. NH 22.11; Plut. Mar. 14.8; 44.5; Sull. 4.2; Eutrop. 5.1.4; Obseq. 44; Chr. 354 (Mario IIII et Catulo); Fast. Hyd. (Mario IIII et Catullo), so also Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; on Catulus, Cic. Rab. Perd. 21; Brut. 132; Tusc. 5.56; Ampel. 22; and on Marius, Elogium, CIL 1(2).1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83. See Degrassi 128, 476f. In this year Marius at last met the Teutoni and the Ambrones and exterminated them in two battles near Aquae Sextiae. He then was reelected Consul in absence, and refused to celebrate the triumph voted him, but proceeded to join his colleague Catulus against the Cimbri (Elogium, above; Liv. Per. 68; Vell. 2.12.4; Val. Max. 1.2.4; Frontin. Str. 1.2.6, and 11.2; 2.4.6, 7.12, and 9.1; 4.7.5; Plut. Mar. 15-22; 24.1-2; Apophth. Mar. 4; Polyaen. 8.10.1-2; Dio 27, fr. 94.1; Eutrop. 5.1.4; Jerome Chr. ad ann. 102, p. 148 Helm; Oros. 5.16.9-14; Fest. 16 L; cf. Cic. Cat. 4.21; Leg. Man. 60). The latter meantime held command in Italy against the Cimbri, and either because of defeat in a preliminary skirmish or the fears of his soldiers was forced to retreat beyond the Po from fortified positions on the Adige (Liv. Per. 68; Val. Max. 5.8.4; Plin. NH 22.11; Frontin. Str. 1.5.3; 4.1.13; Plut. Mar. 15.4; 23-24; Sull. 4.2-4; Praec. ger. rei pub. 12.5; Apophth. Catuli; Flor. 1.38.11-13; Fronto Ad Ver. 126 N; Dio 27, fr. 94.2; Ampel. 22.4; Oros. 5.16.14; Auct. Vir. Ill. 72.10). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Triumphator 101 (Rich 2014) Expand
    • Triumph de Cimbreis et Teutoneis. MRR I.570-1, Itgenshorst no. 234, Rich no. 233. (Rich 2014)
  • Consul 101 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Cic. De Or. 2.196; Diod. 36.10.1; Chr. 354 (Mario V et Aquilio), so also Fast. Hyd., and Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; on Marius, Elogium, CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83, and 17; and on Aquillius, CIL 1(2).2.701; Posidon. in Athen. 5.213b; Cic. De Or. 2.124. See Degrassi 128, 478f. Joining forces, Marius and Catulus together destroyed the Cimbri on July 30 (Roman calendar) near Vercellae (Cic. Cat. 4.21; Prov. Cons. 32; Caes. BG 1.40.5; Liv. Per. 68; Elogium, as above; Vell. 2.12.5; Val. Max. 5.2.8; 6.1, ext. 3; 6.9.14; Plin. NH 22.11; Frontin. Str. 2.2.8; Plut. Mar. 24-27; Flor. 1.38.14-18; Obseq. 44a; Eutrop. 5.2.1-2; Jerome Chr. ad ann. 101, pp. 148-149 Helm; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.2; Oros. 5.16.14-22). Extravagant praises and high honors (Cic. Rab. Perd. 27; Sest. 37-38; Leg. Man. 60; Val. Max. 8.15.7; Plut. Mar. 27.5, libations; Oros. 5.16.22) included the voting of a supplicatio of 15 days (Cic. Prov. Cons. 26). He celebrated along with Catulus one triumph for his two victories (Cic. Tusc. 5.56; Liv. Per. 68; Elogium, as above; Val.{571} Max. 2.2.3; 3.6.6; 6.9.14; 8.15.7; Plin. NH 33.150; Iuvenal. 8.253; Suet. Iul. 3; Plut. Mar. 27.5-6; 44.5; Caes. 6.1; Fort. Rom. 4; Flor. 1.38.10; Eutrop. 5.2.2; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.2; Oros. 5.16.22; Jerome Chr. p. 149 Helm; cf. Grueber, CRRBM 1.164f., 231-233; and see Degrassi 562). He set up memorials of his victory in Rome (Val. Max. 2.2.3; 6.9.14; Suet. Iul. 11; Plut. Caes. 6.1-3; cf. at Olympia, SIG 713), and built a temple to Honos and Virtus (Cic. Div. 1.59; Planc. 78; Sest. 116; Elogium, as above; Vitruv. 3.2.5; 7, praef. 17; Val. Max. 1.7.5; Fest. 468 L). His renown as the saviour of his country, his political alliance with Saturninus and Glaucia, release of his soldiers to come to the elections in Rome, and according to Rutilius and others, bribery, all combined to secure his reelection over a Metellus, perhaps Numidicus, to a sixth consulship in 100 (Liv. Per. 69; Vell. 2.12.6; Plut. Mar. 28.1-6; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.3). Meantime Aquillius held command in Sicily in the war against the slaves (Diod. 36.10; Flor. 2.7.11-12; see 100, and 99, Promagistrates). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Consul 100 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Lex Delphica de Piratis, SEG 3.378; Cic. Brut. 224; Rab. Perd. 20; Vell. 1.15.5; Ascon. 5 C; Plin. NH 2.100; Plut. Mar. 28.5; Obseq. 45; Chr. 354 (Mario VI et Flacco), so also Fast. Hyd., and Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; on Valerius, Cic. Rab. Perd. 27; and on Marius, Elog., CIL 1 .1, p. 195- Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83, and 17; Val. Max. 3.2.18; 9.7.1; see Degrassi 128, 478f. Marius supported, with his veterans, the legislative program of Saturninus and Glaucia, even to taking the oath to maintain the agrarian law and interdicting Metellus Numidicus, who refused to do so, from fire and water (Liv. Per. 69; Plut. Mar. 29; App. BC 1.29-31; cf. Sest. 37; Balb. 48; Auct. Vir. Ill. 73.5-7; Oros. 5.17.4). In December the riots in connection with the elections, the murder of Memmius, Glaucia's rival for the consulate, and Glaucia's illegal candidacy for the office, led the Senate to pass the senatus consultum ultimum, in obedience to which Marius suppressed his former associates, who had seized the Capitol. In spite of their surrender to Marius, who placed them in custody in the Curia, they were lynched there by the crowd (Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 18-28, 31, 35; Mil. 8; Phil. 8.15; Liv. Per. 69; Elogium, above; Vell. 2.12.6; Val. Max. 3.2.18; 8.6.2; 9.7.1; Plut. Mar. 30.1-4; App. BC 1.32; Flor. 2.4.5-6; Auct. Vir. Ill. 73.9-12; Oros. 5.17.6-10; see Praetors, and Tribunes of the Plebs). As his final act he opposed the proposal to recall Metellus from exile (Oros. 5.17.11; cf. App. BC 1.33; Plut. Mar. 31.1; Dio 28, fr. 95). Flaccus, whom Rutilius termed more Marius' servant than his colleague (Plut. Mar. 28.5), commanded a guard on the Quirinal (Cic. Rab. Perd. 20, and 27). On Valerius, see Münzer, Gent. Val. 41, no. 24. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Augur? 98 (Rüpke 2005)
  • Legatus (Ambassador) 97 Asia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • Went to Asia Minor to pay a vow to the Great Mother of the gods (Plut. Mar. 31.1-3; cf. Cic. Ad Brut. 1.5.3; see note 7). See also CIL 12.2.845 at Delos, and Picard's discussion in BCH 56 (1932) 491-530, esp. 519ff. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Augur 97 to 86 (Rüpke 2005) Expand
    • 7 Cicero's statement that Marius was elected an Augur under the Lex Domitia (see 104, Tribunes of the Plebs) while absent in Cappadocia indicates clearly that the order of offices in the Elogia gives no clue to the date. Marius was present in Rome in 98 at the trial of Aquillius (Cic De Or. 2.196), but thereafter departed to the East to pay a vow to the Magna Mater (Plut. Mar. 3 1. 1), perhaps pursuant to the special visit of the Battaces to Rome in 102 (Diod. 36.13; Plut. Mar. 17.5-6), and while there gave Mitbridates in Cappadocia a warning against his expansionist policies (Plut. Mar. 31.2-3). As he left Rome before the return of Metellus Numidicus in 98 this is the most probable year for his election to the augurate. (Broughton MRR II)
    • Elogia, Inser. Ital. 13.3.17 and 83-CIL 12.1, p. 195; Cic. Ad Brut. 1.5.3. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Legatus (Lieutenant) 90 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • Received command by decree of the Senate after the death of the Consul Rutilius, first of part, and after the death of Servilius Caepio, of the whole, of the consular army (App. BC 1.44; cf. Liv. Per. 73). Advances by Marius from the north and Sulla from the south inflicted a reverse upon the Marsi (Liv. Per. 73, and 74; Vell. 2.15.3, and 16.4; Plut. Mar. 33.2; App. BC 1.46; cf. Diod. 37.15; Eutrop. 5.3.3; Oros. 5.18.16). His command was not prorogued (Plut. -Mar. 33.3). See below, Legates. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Promagistrate? 90 Italia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • Served under Rutilius Lupus the Consul (Cic. Font. 43; App. BC 1.40), at whose death he drove back the enemy and recovered the body (Liv. Per. 73; App. BC 1.43; Dio 29, fr. 98.1-2; Oros. 5.18.11-14; cf. Plut. Mar. 33.1; Sull. 6.2). See above, Promagistrates. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Promagistrate 88 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • 8 Though quickly annulled, the existence of Marius' command is shown by his attempt to take over Sulla's army (Plut., through two military Tribunes; Val. Max., his Legate Gratidius). (Broughton MRR II)
    • Received the command, under Sulpicius' law, of the war against Mithridates, probably as Proconsul (see above, Consuls, and Tribunes of the Plebs; cf. esp. Plut. Mar. 35.4; Val. Max. 9.7, ext. 1). (Broughton MRR II)
  • Legatus (Lieutenant)? 87 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • Cinna offered him the insignia of a Proconsul upon his arrival from Africa, but he refused. In the capture of Ostia and elsewhere however he exercised effective military command (Plut. Mar. 41.3-4; see Consuls). Either late in 87, or with his entrance upon the consulship in 86, he regained the formal command against Mithridates (App. BC 1.75; Mith. 51; Plut. Mar. 45.6). (Broughton MRR II)
  • Promagistrate 87 Italia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • See Promagistrates. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Consul 86 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
    • Fast. Cap., Degrassi 54f., 130, 482f.; Liv. Per. 80, without a comitia; Vell. 2.23.1; App. BC 1.75; Chr. 354; Fast. Hyd.; Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; on Cinna, CIL 12.2.713, 891; Auct. Vir. Ill. 69.3; Oros. 5.19.23; Schol. Bob. 109 Stangl; and on Marius, Fast. Ant., Degrassi 164f.; Elogium, Inscr. Ital. 13.3.83-CIL 12.1, p. 195; Val. Max. 8.15.7; 9.15.1; Plin. NH 11.252; Plut. Mar. 45.1; Flor. 2.9.17; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.6. Cinna's rule was termed a tyranny (Cic. Phil. 1.34; 2.108; Brut. 227; ND 3.81; Sall. Hist. 1.64M; Val. Max. 6.9.6; Vell. 2.23.3; Plut. Caes. 1.1; Sull. 22.1; Tac. Ann. 1.1; Auct. Vir. Ill. 67.6). Marius died on January 13 (Cic. ND 3.81; Rosc. Amer. 33; Liv. Per. 80, with the date; Vell. 2.23.1; Plut. Mar. 45.2-46.5; App. BC 1.75; Flor. 2.9.17; Oros. 5.19.93). See 88, Promagistrates. (Broughton MRR II)

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