Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic

POMP2254 Sex. Pompeius (33) Cn. f. Cn. n. Magnus Pius

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Status

• Nobilis Expand

  Cic. Phil. 13.4.8, Sen. Bene. 4.30.1-2

Life Dates

• After 70?, birth (Rüpke 2005)
• 43, proscribed (Hinard 1985) Expand

  Hinard 43 no. 105

• 35, death - violent (Broughton MRR II) Expand

  Executed.

Relationships

son of

1 Mucia (28) Tertia (daughter of Q. Mucius (22) P. f. P. n. Scaevola 'Pontifex' (cos. 95)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. V 69 (291), Asc. Scaur. 19C, Dio LI 2.5, Dio XLVIII 16.3, Suet. Caes. 50.1f., Zon. 10 (5), Zon. 9 (24), Zon. 9(34), Zon. 10(5)

Cn. Pompeius (31) Cn. f. Sex. n. Clu. Magnus (cos. 70) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Cic. Phil. V 41

brother of

Cn. Pompeius (32) Cn. f. Cn. n. Magnus (promag. 45) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. II 105 (439), Auct. vir. ill. 84.1, Dio XLII 2.3, Dio XLII 5.7, Lucan. IX 120ff., Lucan. IX 125ff.

Pompeia (54) (daughter of Cn. Pompeius (31) Cn. f. Sex. n. Clu. Magnus (cos. 70)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Suet. Tib. 6.3

? M. Aemilius (142) Scaurus (sen. 43) (DPRR Team)

married to

Scribonia (31) (daughter of L. Scribonius (20) L. f. Libo (cos. 34)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. V 52 (217), App. b.c. V 53 (222), App. b.c. V 69 (290), Dio XLVIII 16.3

father of

Pompeia (55) (daughter of Sex. Pompeius (33) Cn. f. Cn. n. Magnus Pius (sen. 43)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. V 73 (312), Dio XLVIII 38.3

Career

• Legatus (Lieutenant) 45 Hispania Ulterior (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • The title of his command with his brother is not preserved. He had charge of Corduba (Bell. Hisp. 3, and 4), escaped after the defeat at Munda, and maintained himself as a freebooter among the Lacetani (Bell. Hisp. 32; Cic. Att. 12. 37A; Liv. Per. 115; Strabo 3.2.2, and 4.10; Plut. Caes. 56.3; Flor. 2.13.37, and 18.1; App. BC 2.105; 4.83; 5.143; Dio 43.39.1; 45.10.1-3; Eutrop. 6.23; Oros. 6.16.8-9; Zonar. 10.10). See D.-G. 4.564f., no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
• Moneyer? 45 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 477-9 (RRC)
• Promagistrate 44 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • He maintained himself in Spain, defeated Asinius Pollio and received the acclamation as Imperator (Grueber, CRRBM 2.370-373). He also captured Carteia, and built up his forces in the interior (Cic. Att. 15.20.3; App. BC 4.84; Dio 45.10; cf. Vell. 2.73.2; and on his legions, Cic. Att. 16.4.2). See above, on M. Aemilius Lepidus, regarding some agreement which was made with him officially before November 28. (Broughton MRR II)
• Moneyer? 44 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 477-9 (RRC)
• Proconsul 43 Gallia Transalpina, Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • He proceeded to Massilia with his army and fleet, probably spending much of this inactive year in building and preparation (Cic. Phil. 13.13; App. BC 4.84; Dio 45.10.6; 48.17.1). There a delegation from the Senate came to ask his assistance against Antony at Mutina, while Cicero proposed honors for him and offered to nominate him for his father's place among the Augurs (Cic. Phil. 13.12-13 and 50). By April he had been appointed Praefectus Classis et Orae Maritimae, probably with an imperium pro consule (Vell. 2.73.1-2; App. BC 4.84-85, cf. 3.4; Dio 46.40.3; 47.12.2; 48.17.1; on his title, see also Grueber, CRRBM 2.560f.; see Hadas, Sextus Pompey, 63-67). In August Octavian included him in the condemnation of Caesar's murderers (Dio 46.48.4; 47.12.2; 48.17.2), and at the end of the year he was placed on the list of the proscribed (App. BC 4.96; Dio 47.12.2; 48.17.3; Oros. 6.18.19; Zonar. 10.16), and began his campaign to occupy Sicily (see 42, Promagistrates). See D.-G. 4.567-568, no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
• Senator - Office Unknown before 42 (Hinard 1985)
• Moneyer? 42 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 511 (RRC)
• Proconsul 42 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • 1 The use of the terms Legate and Proconsul under the Second Triumvirate is of necessity attended by uncertainty and confusion. Commanders, like Ventidius Bassus, who were for the most part ex-Consuls, held command over large and important areas and armies, and apparently acted with considerable initiative, are termed Legati in Latin sources such as the Periochae of Livy and Florus and # in Dio (Liv. Per. 127, 128; Flor. 2.19; Dio 48.41.5; cf. 49.21, and Act. Tr. for 38, on the title and triumph of Ventidius), and yet many of them appear in the lists of triumphs as Proconsuls. In mentioning the triumph of Domitius Calvinus, Dio (48.42.3-4) remarks that those in power granted honors at will # (see also 49.42.3; 54.12.1-2). Mommsen finds the beginning of this contradiction in Caesar's grant of triumphs at the end of 45 to his Legates Fabius Maximus and Q. Pedius (see 45, Promagistrates). Like these, the later commanders were Legates also under the superior imperium of the Triumviri, and their appearance as Proconsuls depended upon a fictive grant of imperium for the day of their triumph (Str. 1.125, 130f.; 2.245, note 1). The term Proconsul cannot refer to their status in command since a Legate never had more than an imperium pro praetore. The term Legatus pro consule does not occur, and indeed cannot occur because it is intrinsically self-contradictory (ibid. 1.130f.). Moreover it was simply this permission to triumph that made it logically possible for some of these Legates to accept acclamation as Imperator (see, on Sosius, Mommsen Str. 1.125). Mommsen's doctrine is difficult to test because in nearly all cases no official inscriptions remain from the period of command, and several of the commands are known only from the record of the triumph (see 34-32, Promagistrates, on Norbanus Flaccus, Statilius Taurus, Marcius Philippus, Olaudius Pulcher, and L. Cornificius). The term Legatus in Livy and Florus is strongly in his favor, since Die might have been affected by the regular system of Legati pro praetore in the Empire. However, as Canter saw (46-55), the situation was more complicated. The illogicality of a subordinate with an imperium pro consule occurs under Antony on the official coinage in Greece of M. lunius Silanus, who terms himself Quaestor pro consule (see 34, Promagistrates; note that in the Empire Pliny could be given the exceptional position of Legatus pro praetore consulari potestate), and raises the question how many commanders senior to Silanus may not also have held an imperium pro consule under the superior imperium of the Triumviri. Moreover, Sosius (Cos. 32) apparently termed himself Imperator on his coinage from 37 B. C. (see 37, Promagistrates), on a rather distant anticipation of the moment of a fictive grant of imperium pro consule for a day in 34; and there were others, like Laronius (see 33, Consules Suffecti), who took the title Imperator and did not triumph at all. The period of the Second Triumvirate was a period of transition in which irregularities and illogicalities could frequently occur in the government of the Roman Empire, before the Augustan regime rebuilt the pattern anew. I have therefore been inclined to keep the question open; and to list among the Promagistrates the holders of important commands under Octavian and Antony who received acclamation as Imperatores or celebrated triumphs. It must be granted that the superior position of the Triumvirs in this period made the difference between the functions of a Promagistrate and of a Legate much less than it had been before. See Ganter 46-55. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Prefect of the Fleet and of the Coast (see 43, Promagistrates; cf. Grueber, CRRBM 2.560f.). He began the occupatioix of Sicily late in 43, first as an opponent, then as a colleague, of Pompeius Bithynicus (see above), whom he murdered later in the year (Liv. Per. 123; Vell. 2.72.4-73.3; App. BC 4.84-88, and 99, and 117; Dio 48.17-19, Auct. Vir. Ill. 84.2; Oros. 6.18.19; Zonar. 10.16, and 17, and 21; cf. Lucan 6.422). Proscribed himself, he gave refuge and active assistance to many of the proscribed, placing the oak wreath on his coins to celebrate his services, and to fugitives from Philippi (Vell. 2.72-73; Val. Max. 7.3.9; App. BC 4.36-51, and 96; 5.143; Dio 47.12-13; 48.19-20; Zonar. 10.17, and 21; cf. Grueber, CRRBM 2.561). Early in the year he defeated Octavian's fleet under Salvidienus Rufus, and compelled Octavian to relieve Vibo and Rhegium from the confiscation of their lands (Liv. Per. 123; App. BC 4.84-86; Dio 47.36.4, cf. 38.1; 48.18-19; Auct. Vir. Ill. 84.2; Eutrop. 7.4). See D.-G. 4.568-570, no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
• Moneyer? 41 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 511 (RRC)
• Proconsul 41 Italia, Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Being joined by Staitis Murcus and his fleet (App. BC 5.2, and 25; Dio 48.19.4; cf. Veil. 2.72.4, and 77.3), Sextus Pompey swept the seas about Italy and Sicily, cut off supplies, ravaged Bruttium, and 'Won recruits from Italy, while Octavian endeavoured to prepare an attack against him (App. BC 5.15, and 18-20, esp. 25; Dio 48.19.4-20.1), but became involved in the Perugine war (see above). See D.-G. 4.569f., no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
• Moneyer? 40 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 511 (RRC)
• Proconsul 40 Sicilia, Sardinia, Italia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • See 41, Promagistrates. Sextus Pompey provided a refuge for many who fled from the Perusine war (Vell. 2.75; Suet. Tib. 4.3, and 6; App. BC 5.50, and 61). He received overtures from both Octavian and Antony (see above, Triumviri R. P. C.). He won Sardinia and Corsica and ravaged the southern coasts of Italy (App. BC 5.52, and 56, and 58, and 62-63, and 66-67; Dio 48.15-16, and 20. 1, and 27.4, and 30; cf. Plut. Ant. 32.1; Eutrop. 7.4; Zonar. 10.21). After the Pact of Brundisium he cut off supplies for Rome until the Triumvirs were forced to begin negotiations with him (App. BC 6.67-68; Dio 48.31, and 36.1). (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 39 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Probably Proconsul of Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica, to which the Pact of Puteoli recognized his right, while adding the Peleponnese. Charges that he was intercepting the grain supply and herboring runaway slaves led to a resumption to hostilities with Octavian, while Antony irritated him by collecting the tribute of the Peloponnese himself (see above, Triumviri R. P. C.). See D.–G. 4.571-573, no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Cos. Desig. 33. In MRR 2.329, refer also to Crawford, RRC 1.486- 487, nos. 477-479, 45-44 B.C. Note his acclamation as imperator. In MRR 2.388, add the following: From the Pact of Puteoli in 39 until his death in 35, he could claim to be an augur and consul designate (ILS 8891-ILLRP 426, with the name Magnus Pompeius Magni f. Pius). (Broughton MRR III)
• Augur 39 to 38 (Rüpke 2005) Expand
  • After the Treaty of Misenum he termed himself Augur, but as he never went to Rome he was never inaugurated (see above, Triumviri R. P. C.; App. BC 5.72; ILS 8891: Imp. Augure Cos. Desig.). (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 38 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Governor of Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica, and commander of a fleet. Octavian justified a renewal of hostilities with him and attempted to prove his authority illegal by charging him with breaking the Pact of Puteoli (App. BC 5.77; Dio 48.45-46). On the course of the war, see above, Triumviri R. P. C., on Octavian, Promagistrates, on Calvisius Sabinus, and below, Legates, on Cornificius. See D.-G. 4.573-577, no. 25. (Broughton MRR II)
• Augur? 37 to 35 (Rüpke 2005)
• Proconsul 37 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • At Tarentum Antony and Octavian (see above, Triumviri R. P. C.) agreed to remove him from his prospective augurate and consulship (Dio 48.54.6). He received Menodorus into his forces again (App. BC 5.96, and 100; Dio 48.54.7; Oros. 6.18.25; Zonar. 10.24; see above, on Calvisius Sabinus), but apparently took no initiative against Octavian. See D.-G. 4.577f. (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 36 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • He lost Sicily, his army, and his fleet to Octavian, and fled for refuge to Mitylene (App. BC 5.133-136; Dio 49.17; Plin. NH 9.55; see above, Triumviri R. P. Q, on Octavian; below, on Agrippa). See D.-G. 4.578-587. (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 35 Sicilia (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Moving from Mitylene, he attempted to seize portions of Asia and Bithynia, but failing in this as well as his attempt to escape to Parthia, he surrendered at Midaeum of Phrygia to Marcus Titius, who put him to death at Miletus (App. BC 5.133-145; Dio 49.17-18; cf. Liv. Per. 131; Strabo 3.2.2, the death placed at Miletus; Vell. 2.79.5-6; Senec. Cons. ad Polyb. 15.1; Eutrop. 7.6; Oros. 6.19.2). See D.-G. 4.587-590. (Broughton MRR II)

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