Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic

AEMI2341 M. Aemilius (73) M. f. Q. n. Lepidus

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Status

• Patrician
• Nobilis Expand

  Cic. Phil. 13.4.8, 13.7.15

Life Dates

• 90?, birth (Rüpke 2005)
• 13, death (Rüpke 2005)

Relationships

great grandson of

M. Aemilius (68) M. f. M. n. Lepidus (cos. 187) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Cic. Phil. XIII 15

son of

M. Aemilius (72) Q. f. M. n. Pal. Lepidus (cos. 78) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Oros. 5.22.17, 5.24.16

? Appuleia (32) (married to M. Aemilius (72) Q. f. M. n. Pal. Lepidus (cos. 78)) (DPRR Team)

brother of

? Cornelia (416) (daughter of L. Cornelius (338) L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus (Asiagenus) (cos. 83)) (DPRR Team)

? -. Aemilius (84) Regillus (son of M. Aemilius (72) Q. f. M. n. Pal. Lepidus (cos. 78)) (DPRR Team)

? L. Cornelius (327) Scipio Asiagenus Aemilianus? (sen. 82) (DPRR Team)

L. Aemilius (81) M. f. Q. n. (Lepidus)? Paullus (cos. 50) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. IV 37 (155), Flor. II 16, Liv. per. 120, Vell. II 67.3, Vell. II 67.4

married to

Iunia (193) (daughter of? D. Iunius (163) M. f. Silanus (cos. 62)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. b.c. IV 50 (217-219), Cic. Att. XIV 8.1, Cic. fam. XII 2.2, Dio XLIV 34.7, Val. Max. VI 6.1

Cornelia (418) (married to M. Aemilius (73) M. f. Q. n. Lepidus (cos. 46)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Asc. Milon. 43C

father of

? Q. Aemilius (79) M'. f. Lepidus (sen. 39) (Zmeskal 2009)

M. Aemilius (104) Lepidus (son of M. Aemilius (73) M. f. Q. n. Lepidus (cos. 46)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Dio XLIV 34.6, Liv. per. 116

Career

• Pontifex? 62 to 58 (Rüpke 2005) Expand
  • 2 M. Aemilius Lepidus, the future Triumvir, is a probable successor to Lepidus Livianus. See 73, Pontifices; L. R. Taylor, op. cit. 392f. (Broughton MRR II)
  • The successors to P. Mucius Scaevola, Sex. Quinctilius Varus, Mam. Aemilius Lepidus, D. Iunius Silanus and Q. Latatius Catulus were C. Fannius, M. Aemilius Lepidus, P. Cornelius Lentulus SPinther, M. Aemilius Scaurus, M. Licinius Crassus Dives, M. Licinius Crassus and C. Scribonius Curio. These lists of the Pontifices who died between the death of Metellus Pius in 64 or 63 (see 63, Pontifices) and that of Catulus (before May, 60, Cic. Att. 1.20.3; Dio 37.46.3-4), and of their successors, are based on the order of the lists of priests in Macrob. Sat. 3.13.11 (before 6913.C.) and in Cicero (Har. Resp. 12; Dom. 118; in 57 B.C.), and assume that in both cases they are named in the order of their inauguration into the college. The lower limit is drawn on the assumption that the two plebeians, Crassus, whether he be the Consul of 70 or his son, and Curio, are probably the successors of the two plebeians Silanus and Catulus. As the earlier list is not complete there is room for an additional name in the list of successors. On the whole question, see L. R. Taylor, AJPh 63 (1942) 384-412, esp. 388ff., and 411f. (Broughton MRR II)
• Monetalis 61 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 419 (RRC)
• Pontifex 57 to after 31 (Rüpke 2005) Expand
  • The full list of the college of Pontifices, including the Flamen Martialis and the Flamen Quirinalis (no Flamen Dialis had been inaugurated since the death of Merula in 87) and the Pontifices Minores, as it was composed on September 29, 57, can be reconstructed from Cic. Har. Resp. 12: (Broughton MRR II)
  • A probable member of this college of priests about 31 B. C. In a number of instances the exact date when a priest became a member of his college is not known, and the conjecture is based on evidence of seniority such as the date of the consulship or some other office. The list of the Quindecimviri is based on Miss Hoffman's observation that the names listed in connection with the Saecular Games in 17 B. C. are arranged in the order of entrance into the college (see AJPh 73 [19521289-294). The names given below are drawn from Miss Hoffman's dissertation, The Membership of the Four Major Colleges of Priests from 44 B. C. to 37 A. D. (Bryn Mawr, 1951, available in microfilm). (Broughton MRR II)
  • See 60, and 57, Pontifices, and 44, Pontifex Maximus. (Broughton MRR II)
• Aedilis Curulis before 52 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Since all known Interreges had held curule office, Seidel (FA 70) suggests that Lepidus had held the curule aedileship before 52. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Monetalis. See MRR 2.431; Sydenham's date, 66 B.C. (cf. Sumner, Phoenix 25, 1971, 265; C. D. Hamilton, TAPhA 100, 1969, 198), has been revised by Crawford, RRC 1.443, no. 419, to 61 B.C. Curule Aedile 53? See MRR 2.228, and note also Asconius' comment when he was interrex in 52: is enim magistratus curulis erat creatus, where the implication seems to be that he had only recently attained that rank. See E. S. Staveley, Historia 3, 1954, 196-197. Interrex 52. See MRR 2.236. A difficulty is raised in that Asconius (430 names his wife Cornelia, while the wife named by whom he had children was Iunia, daughter of Servilia and D. Iunius Silanus (163). Cos. 62. J. C. Ruebel would emend his praenomen M. to M'., and identify the interrex as M'. Aemilius Lepidus (62). Cos. 66 (TAPhA 109, 1979, 231- 249). But this involves three changes in the text of Asconius, and one in Cic. Mil. 13. The senior consular, if still alive, might well have been the more suitable choice, but on our evidence it seems better to accept M. Lepidus, and suppose his remarriage to Iunia after divorce from Cornelia or her death. Triumvir R. P. C. 11, 37-36, and governor of Africa. See MRR 2.396. In an inscription found at Thabraca in Africa, he has the following titles: imp. tert, pont. max., III vir r. p. c. bis, cos. Iter. It may be dated between spring 37 and his removal from office in September 36. (J. Guey and A. Pernette, Karthago 9, 1958, 79-87; AEpig. 1959, no. 57; ILLRP 1276). (Broughton MRR III)
• Interrex 52 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • First Interrex. Besieged in his house for five days by Clodian gangs (Cic. Mil. 13; Ascon. 33, 36, 43 C; Schol. Bob. 116 Stangl). (Broughton MRR II)
  • Monetalis. See MRR 2.431; Sydenham's date, 66 B.C. (cf. Sumner, Phoenix 25, 1971, 265; C. D. Hamilton, TAPhA 100, 1969, 198), has been revised by Crawford, RRC 1.443, no. 419, to 61 B.C. Curule Aedile 53? See MRR 2.228, and note also Asconius' comment when he was interrex in 52: is enim magistratus curulis erat creatus, where the implication seems to be that he had only recently attained that rank. See E. S. Staveley, Historia 3, 1954, 196-197. Interrex 52. See MRR 2.236. A difficulty is raised in that Asconius (430 names his wife Cornelia, while the wife named by whom he had children was Iunia, daughter of Servilia and D. Iunius Silanus (163). Cos. 62. J. C. Ruebel would emend his praenomen M. to M'., and identify the interrex as M'. Aemilius Lepidus (62). Cos. 66 (TAPhA 109, 1979, 231- 249). But this involves three changes in the text of Asconius, and one in Cic. Mil. 13. The senior consular, if still alive, might well have been the more suitable choice, but on our evidence it seems better to accept M. Lepidus, and suppose his remarriage to Iunia after divorce from Cornelia or her death. Triumvir R. P. C. 11, 37-36, and governor of Africa. See MRR 2.396. In an inscription found at Thabraca in Africa, he has the following titles: imp. tert, pont. max., III vir r. p. c. bis, cos. Iter. It may be dated between spring 37 and his removal from office in September 36. (J. Guey and A. Pernette, Karthago 9, 1958, 79-87; AEpig. 1959, no. 57; ILLRP 1276). (Broughton MRR III)
• Praetor 49 Rome (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Caesar left him in charge in Rome (Plut. Ant. 6.4). He carried the measure naming Caesar Dictator (see above, Dictator). (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 48 Hispania Ulterior (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Proconsul in Nearer Spain (Bell. Alex. 59.2; App. BC 2.48; Dio 43. 1. 1), and at the end of the year intervened in the dispute between Cassius Longinus and Marcellus in Farther Spain (Bell. Alex. 59-64; Dio 43.1.2-3). (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 47 Hispania Citerior (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Proconsul in Nearer Spain (see 48, Promagistrates). He returned before the end of the year and celebrated a triumph (Dio 43.1.2; see Degrassi 566). (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumphator 47 (Rich 2014) Expand
  • Triumph ex Hispania Citeriore. MRR II.288, Itgenshorst no. 261, Rich no. 262. (Rich 2014)
• Magister Equitum 46 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Master of Horse during Caesar's third dictatorship (Fast. Cap. for 45, Degrassi 56f., 133, 500f.; Fast. Amer., ibid. 242; and probably Fast. Colot., ibid. 274; Dio 43, Index, and 1.1, and 33.1; cf. App. BC 2.107, Eutrop. 6.23.1). (Broughton MRR II)
• Consul 46 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • CIL 12.2.940, 941; AJA 44 (1940) 358-Ann. Epig. 1947, no. 5; Bull. Com. 68 (1940) 200, no. 1; Fast. Cap., Degrassi 56f., 133, 498f.; Fast. Ost., ibid. 180, 182f.; Fast. Amer., ibid. 242; Fast. Cupr., ibid. 244; Fast. Pomp., (Broughton MRR II)
• Magister Equitum 45 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Continued to be Caesar's Master of Horse during the third and the fourth dictatorships (Fast. Cap., Degrassi 56f., 133, 500f.; Fast. Amer., ibid. 242; Fast. Colot., ibid. 274; Dio 43.48.1; cf. Cic. Att. 13.42.3, and 47a.1). He managed affairs in Rome in Caesar's absence, with the aid of Prefects (Dio 43.48.1). None of the curule magistrates of this year, except Caesar as Sole Consul, were elected until after Caesar returned from Spain (Dio 43.47-48). (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 44 Gallia Narbonensis, Hispania Citerior (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • See above, Master of Horse. Proconsul of Narbonese Gaul and Nearer Spain by Caesar's appointment (Vell. 2.63. 1; App. BC 2.107 .; 3.46; Dio 43.51.8; 45.10.6; cf. the prescripts to Cic. Fam. 10.34, and 35), where he departed in the spring of 44. In the course of the summer he brought about some agreement with Sextus Pompey for which the Senate decreed him a supplicatio on November 28 (Cic. Phil. 3.23-24; 5.39; Dio 45.10.6; cf. Cic. Att. 16.4.2; App. BC 3.4, where measures of different dates affecting Sextus Pompey are summarized; 3.57; 4.94; see Hadas, Sextus Pompey 61-64). He was acclaimed Imperator a second time (Cic. Phil. 5.40 and 41, cf. 3.23; Fam. 10.34, and 35, prescripts; Plut. Ant. 18.3). See PIR² 1.59, no. 367, a scanty summary; Sternkopf, (Broughton MRR II)
• Pontifex Maximus 44 to after 31 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Lepidus was hurriedly made Pontifex Maximus with Antony's support soon after Caesar's death (Cic. Phil. 5.40- 41; 13.7 and 15; cf. 12.12; Att. 16.5.4, and 11. 8; Liv. Per. 117; Vell. 2.6 3. 1, furto creatus; App. BC 2.132; Dio 44.53.6, cf. 5.3). (Broughton MRR II)
• Magister Equitum 44 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Lepidus held this office during both Caesar's fourth dictatorship and his dictatorship for life (see 45, Master of Horse; Fast. Cap., Degrassi 58f., 134, 500f.; Fast. Amer., ibid. 242; Fast. Colot., ibid. 273f.; Nic. Dam. Vit. Caes. 21, FGrH 2A.405; Plin. NH 7.147; Suet. Iul. 82.4; Dio 43, Index; 44, Index; 43.39.1; 44.5.2). He protested against Antony's offer of a crown to Caesar at the Lupercalia (Cic. Phil. 5.38; 13.17). In office at the time of Caesar's death, he effectively turned the situation in Antony's favor during the next few days (Nic. Dam. Vit. Caes. 27, FGrH 2A.411f.; Plut. Caes. 67; App. BC 2.118, and 126; Dio 44.19, and 22; Zonar. 10.12), and was rewarded by being hurriedly made Pontifex Maximus (see below, Pontifices, and Promagistrates). (Broughton MRR II)
• Moneyer? 43 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 489 (RRC)
  • ref. 495 (RRC)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 43 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • These three commanders (see below, Promagistrates, on Antony and Lepidus, and above, Consuls, on Octavian) met in the autumn at the river Lavino near Bononia and determined to seize power, under the title of Triumviri Rei Publicae Constituendae, with consular imperium for five years, to hold powers of appointment of the city magistrates, and to divide the provinces of the West among them, the whole of Gaul except the Narbonese province to Antony, Narbonese Gaul and Nearer Spain to Lepidus, and to Octavian, Sicily, Sardinia, and Africa (Res Gest. D. Aug. 1, and 7; App. BC 4.2-3; Dio 46.54-56; cf, Suet. Aug. 27.1; 96.1; Plut. Cic. 46.2; Ant. 18-20; Flor. 2.16.6), while Lepidus as Consul the following year would remain in Rome and Antony and Octavian carry on the war with Brutus and Cassius. They also listed eighteen cities and their lands for division among the soldiers (App. BC 4.3, cf. 86; cf. ILS 886), and initiated an extensive proscription in order to rid themselves of personal enemies and to secure funds for their soldiers (Liv. Per. 120; Vell. 2.66.1; Suet. Aug. 27.1; App. BC 4.3, and 5; Dio 46.56; 47.6.5; on the details, see also Vell. 2.66-67; Val. Max. 6.5.7, and 7.2; Senec. Benef. 3.25; Plut. Cic. 46-49; Ant. 19-21; App. BC 4.3-51; Flor. 2.16; Dio 47.3-15; Oros. 6.18.9-12; cf. ILS 8393-CIL 6.1527, and see the new fragment, AJA 54 [1950] 223-226). On November 27 a bill was carried by the Tribune Titius establishing them as Triumviri until the end of 38 B. C. (Fast. Colot., Degrassi 273-275, 502; Liv. Per. 120; App. BC 4.7; Dio 47.2.1-2; cf. Grueber, CRRBM 2.395f.). See below, Promagistrates. (Broughton MRR II)
• Proconsul 43 Gallia Narbonensis, Hispania Citerior (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Proconsul in Narbonese Gaul and Nearer Spain (see 44, Promagistrates). The Senate attempted to conciliate him by decreeing him honors, such as an equestrian statue and a triumph (Cic. Phil. 5.41; 13.7-9; Dio 46.29.6). His plea and that of Plancus for a peaceful settlement of the dispute with Antony was refused in March (Cic. Phil. 13.7-9 and 49-50; Fam. 10.6. 10.27). Antony claimed to be in communication with him all the while (Phil. 13.43) and upon his retreat from Mutina was received by Lepidus, with whom he united his forces (Cic. Fam. 10.21, and 23, and 24, and 34, and 34A, and 35; Liv. Per. 119; Vell. 2.63.1-2; Plut. Ant. 18; App. BC 3.83-84; Dio 46.42.1). The Senate declared him a public enemy and rescinded his honors, while Marcus Brutus protested this action in an attempt to save his property for his children (Cic. Fam. 12.10.1; Ad Brut. 1.12.1-2, and 15.9, and 18.6; Vell. 2.64.4; App. BC 3.96; Dio 46.51.4). With Antony he secured the support of Pollio and Plancus, and the death of Decimus Brutus (see below, on these), and returned to Cisalpine Gaul to meet Octavian and establish the Second Triumvirate (see below, on Antony and Octavian; and above, on Triumviri R. P. C.). Lepidus celebrated a triumph ex Hispania on December 31 (Act. Tr., Degrassi 86f., 566; Fast. Barb., ibid. 342f.; Vell. 2.67.4; App. BC 4.31). He continued the construction of Julius Caesar's Saepta (Dio 53.23.2). (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumphator 43 (Rich 2014) Expand
  • Triumph ex Hispania. MRR II.341-2, Itgenshorst no. 271, Rich no. 272. (Rich 2014)
• Moneyer? 42 (RRC) Expand
  • ref. 489 (RRC)
  • ref. 495 (RRC)
• Consul 42 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Bull. Com. 68 (1940) 200. no. 2; Fast. Amit., Degrassi 170f.; Fad. Amer., ibid. 242; Fast. Colot., ibid. 273f., Fast. Mag. Vic.; ibid. 282f.; and see also ibid. 135 and 504f.; Vell. 2.67.3-4; Plin. NH 2.99; Suet. Tib. 5; Dio 47, Index, and 16.1; Obseq. 70; Chr. 354; Fast. Hyd.; Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; Zonar. 10. 18; on Lepidus, App. BC 4.3; on Plancus, as Cos. Desig., Cic. Fam. 10.6.1 and 3; 10.8, prescript, and 20.2; 11.15.1; Phil. 3.38; Vell. 2.63.3; Dio 46.53.1; and as Cos., CIL 6.1316-ILS 41; 10.6087-ILS 886; App. BC 4.37, and 45. The Consuls carried a law regardina Lyrants of citizenship and immunity (Inscription of Rhosos, Font. Iur. Rom. Anteiustinian. ed. Riccobono, et al., 1.308ff., no. 55, line 10); and Plancus, besides saving some of the proscribed (App. BC 4.37, and 45), began to distribute land to soldiers at Beneventum. (CIL 10.6087-ILS 886)" office-xref=". On Lepidus, see Triumviri R.P.C. (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 42 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • See 43, Triumviri R. P. C. They carried through the official deification of Iulius Caesar and confirmed other honors, including the oath taken by all senators to maintain his acts (Dio 47.18-19; cf. CIL 9.2628-ILS 72; 9.5136-ILS 73a; App. BC 1.4; 2.148). Their preparations for their campaign against Brutus and Cassius involved further exactions of funds, besides the proscriptions (App. BC 4.5, and 31-35; Plut. Ant. 21.3-4; Dio 47.16-17). Leaving Lepidus in charge in Rome, and dividing seven of his ten legions between them (Plut. Ant. 22; App. BC 4.3; Dio 47.20.1), Antony and Octavian, after a diversion against Sextus Pompey, brought their main forces to Macedonia and finally succeeded in crushing the forces of Brutus and Cassius in two battles at Philippi, the first unsuccessful, the second and final one on October 23 (Liv. Per. 123-124; Plut. Ant. 22; Brut. 28-53; App. BC 4.82, and 86-138; Dio 47.32.1, and 35-49; Oros. 6.18.13-16; cf. Vell. 2.70-72; Val. Max. 1.4.6, and 7.1; 5.1.11; 6.4.5, and 8.4; 9.9.2; Plin. NH 7.148; Joseph. AJ 14.294 and 301; BJ 1.236 and 242; Frontin. Str. 4.2.1; Suet. Aug. 13.1-2; 91.1; Flor. 2.17.5-15, and 18.1; Eutrop. 7.3; Auct. Vir. Ill. 82.6; 83.6; Zonar. 10.18-20; on the date of Philippi, Ann. Epig. 1922, no. 96). After Philippi the Triumviri redivided their armies, and decided to disband and provide settlements for all the soldiers who had completed their term of service. They also redivided their provinces. Antony kept Transalpine Gaul, to which he added the Narbonese province while attaching the Cisalpine one to Italy, and went on to recapture the East. Octavian retained both Africas, Sardinia and Sicily. Lepidus was to give up Spain, probably to Octavian, and to receive some compensation (it was eventually Africa) if suspicious reports regarding his loyalty should prove unfounded (see 41, Triumviri R. P. C.). Antony was to collect funds in the East while Octavian proceeded with the distribution of land and the settlement of veteran colonies in Italy. (Vell. 2.74.1; Joseph. AJ 14.301-323; BJ 1.242; Suet. Aug. 13.3; Plut. Ant. 23-24; App. BC 5.1, and 3-7, cf. 1.5; Dio 48.1-3, and 22.2; cf. Eutrop. 7.3.) (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 41 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Finding Lepidus innocent of suspicion of disloyalty, Octavian transferred to him command of the province of Africa, a command which he did not exercise until the summer of 40 (App. BC 5. 12; Dio 48.5. 1; see 42, and 40, Triumviri R. P. C.). He was still in Rome when the Perusine war began, and fled the city at the approach of Lucius Antonius (Liv. Per. 125; App. BC 5.30; Dio 48.13.3-4). (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 40 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • About the middle of 40 Octavian transferred to Lepidus six of the legions of L. Antonius (App. BC 5.53), and sent him to Africa, which he took over from T. Sextius (App.; Dio 48.20.4, and 23.4-5). At Brundisium Antony (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 39 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • The Triumvirs secured ratification from the Senate of their acts to date, levied new taxes, appointed new senators, and named magistrates for several years in advance (Dio 48.34-35). Famine in the city and disorders compelled Antony and Octavian to make overtures to Sextus Pompey which after some hesitation he accepted, and an agreement for peace was arranged and celebrated at Puteoli (Plut. Ant. 32; App. BC 67-74; Dio 48.36-38; cf. Vell. 2.77; Flor. 2.18.4; Oros. 6.18.20). The terms were as follows: commerce should be open; Pompey should remove his garrisons from Italy, keep Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily, and receive the Peloponnese; he undertook not to harbour runaway slaves; exiles were permitted to return, except those implicated in the murder of Caesar, and should receive their property again, except that the proscribed should get one-fourth; some were to receive tribuneships, praetorships, and priesthoods at once; the slaves in Pompey's forces should remain free, and the freemen should receive the same rewards as the soldiers of Antony and Octavian; Pompey himself was designated Consul for 33, and was to be raised to his father's priesthood, the augurate, and receive 70 million HS from his father's estate (Plut., App., Dio, as above; ILS 8891; cf. Liv. Per. 127; Vell. 2.77; Tac. Ann. 5.1; Dio 48.15.1-2, and 36.1 and 3-6, and 37.1; Auct. Vir. Ill. 84.3; Oros. 6.18.20). Antony then departed to Greece with Octavia to make preparation for the Parthian war and appointments of sub- commanders and kings, and wintered at Athens, meantime collecting the tribute from the Peloponnese before giving it to Sextus Pompey (Plut. Ant. 33; App. BC 5.75-76; Dio 48.35.1, and 39.2; cf. Grueber CRRBM 2.502- 505; IG 2.482, line 23; Senec. Suas. 1.6; Socrat. Rhod., in FGrH 2B.927f.). He accepted a salutation as Imperator for the victories of Pollio and Ventidius (see Promagistrates; Grueber, CRRBM 2.505f.; see CAH 10.50, note 1). Octavian meanwhile departed to Gaul (App. BC 75) but returned soon to face, as he claimed, a resumption of piratical activity on the part of Sextus Pompey (App. BC 5.77; Flor. 2.18.5; cf. Dio 48.45.4-9, under 38). Lepidus remained inconspicuously governor of Africa, retaining the Antonian legions formerly commanded by Sextius (App. BC 5.71, and 75). (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 38 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Lepidus continued in command in Africa, whence Octavian summoned him for a meeting with Antony to which he did not come (Dio 48.46.2). (Broughton MRR II)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 37 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Imp. Caesar Divi f. Pat. (Iulius 132) Cos. Suff. 43, Cos. 33,31-23, 5,2 At a meeting at Tarentum in the spring of this year Antony and Octavian agreed to extend the Triumvirate for a second term of five years, counting retroactively from the end of the first on December 31, 38, and to maintain the same division of provinces as at the Pact of Brundisium in 40 (Fast. Cap., Degrassi 58f., 135, 506f.; App. BC 5.95; Dio 48.54.6; cf. on Octavian's title, Act. Tr. for 36, Degrassi 86f., 569; CIL 5.525-ILS 77; 11.1330-ILS 78, without the ma.. of iteration; and on coins, Grueber, CRRBM 2.580, in 36 from Africa). Antony had also returned to bring aid at Octavian's request (see 38, Legates, on Maecenas), but the latter was unwilling to accept it. Octavia's mediation led to the meeting at Tarentum (see above), where Antony also agreed to loan Octavian 120 ships, to which Octavia secured the addition of 20 more, while Octavian in return was to give Antony 20,000 Italian legionaries (and actually did add a guard of 1000 for Octavia herself), and Sextus Pompey was to be debarred from his promised consulate and augurate (App. BC 5.94-95; Dio 48.54; cf. Plut. Ant. 35; and Hor. Sat. 1.5, and Scholiasts). Antony then returned to the East, sending Octavia back from Corcyra (cf. Dio 48.54.5) and leaving his children in Italy, but his return to Italy had cost him the opportunity presented by a year of dynastic crisis in Parthia (Plut. Ant. 35-37; App. BC 5.95; Dio 48.54.5-6; 49.23; cf. Iustin. 42.4.15-5 . 2; on the execution of the Jewish prince Antigonus, see Joseph. AJ 15.9; BJ 1.357). Octavian and Agrippa (see above, Consuls) hastened their preparations for the war with Pompey, while Lepidus was expected to bring him aid from Africa (App. BC 5.97). See below, Promagistrates, on Sosius. (Broughton MRR II)
  • Monetalis. See MRR 2.431; Sydenham's date, 66 B.C. (cf. Sumner, Phoenix 25, 1971, 265; C. D. Hamilton, TAPhA 100, 1969, 198), has been revised by Crawford, RRC 1.443, no. 419, to 61 B.C. Curule Aedile 53? See MRR 2.228, and note also Asconius' comment when he was interrex in 52: is enim magistratus curulis erat creatus, where the implication seems to be that he had only recently attained that rank. See E. S. Staveley, Historia 3, 1954, 196-197. Interrex 52. See MRR 2.236. A difficulty is raised in that Asconius (430 names his wife Cornelia, while the wife named by whom he had children was Iunia, daughter of Servilia and D. Iunius Silanus (163). Cos. 62. J. C. Ruebel would emend his praenomen M. to M'., and identify the interrex as M'. Aemilius Lepidus (62). Cos. 66 (TAPhA 109, 1979, 231- 249). But this involves three changes in the text of Asconius, and one in Cic. Mil. 13. The senior consular, if still alive, might well have been the more suitable choice, but on our evidence it seems better to accept M. Lepidus, and suppose his remarriage to Iunia after divorce from Cornelia or her death. Triumvir R. P. C. 11, 37-36, and governor of Africa. See MRR 2.396. In an inscription found at Thabraca in Africa, he has the following titles: imp. tert, pont. max., III vir r. p. c. bis, cos. Iter. It may be dated between spring 37 and his removal from office in September 36. (J. Guey and A. Pernette, Karthago 9, 1958, 79-87; AEpig. 1959, no. 57; ILLRP 1276). (Broughton MRR III)
• Triumvir Rei Publicae Constituendae 36 (Broughton MRR II) Expand
  • Octavian's great task, in which Lepidus was to share, was the defeat of Sextus Pompey and the winning of Sicfiy. With Antony's ships on the one hand and Agrippa's new fleet on the other, and a considerable army poised for the crossing of the Sicilian strait, he began serious operations about the first of July. Agrippa was victorious in the naval battle at Mylae and began to reduce the ports on the northern coast of Sicily, but the forces that crossed in the meantime with Octavian to Tauromenium were cut off by Pompey's navy and placed in a precarious situation until they fought their way under Cornificius toward Agrippa at Mylae. Octavian meantime with the eastern navy and the forces in Italy was isolated and placed in jeopardy on the Italian side of the straits. After the relief of the forces already in Sicily Octavian managed to ferry the rest of his army to Sicily, and uniting with Lepidus (see below) stood ready to attack Messana. At this point Sextus Pompey decided to stake all upon a naval battle at Naulochus on September 3, and when defeated fled to the East with a few followers, while his Lieutenants, his army, and the remnants of his fleet surrendered (App. BC 5.96-122; Dio 49.1-10; cf. ILS 8893; Liv. Per. 129; Vell. 2.79; Plin. NH 7.178; Suet. Aug. 16; Flor. 2.18.7-9; Eutrop. 7.6; Oros. 6.18.25-30; Zonar. 10.25; and on the date of Naulochus, Fast. Amit., CIL 12.1, p. 244, and 328 with the Consuls of 39, and Fast. Arv., ibid. 214). Meantime Lepidus, who came from Africa in fulfillment of his part of the plan of attack (App. BC 5.97-98; Dio 49.1.1), captured the southern and western parts of the island, and at Messana accepted the surrender of the town over Agrippa's objections in Octavian's absence, and added Pompey's forces to his own. Octavian won his army from him, expelled him from membership in the Triumvirate (without waiting to consult Antony), and from his provincial command, but left him his life and his priesthood (App. BC 5.117, and 122-126, and 134; Dio 49.8, and 11-12; 50.1.3, and 20.3; cf. Liv. Per. 129; Fer. Cum., ILS 108; Vell. 2.80; Suet. Aug. 16.4; Plut. Ant. 55.1; Tac. Ann. 1.2; Oros. 6.18.30-32; Zonar. 10.25). Octavian had then to calm a mutiny among the veterans with distributions of rewards and with promises (Vell. 2.81; App. BC 5.127-129; Dio 49.13-15; Oros. 6.18.33; on the settlement at Capua, see CIL 10.3938-ILS 6317; Strabo 10.4.9; Vell. 2.81.2; Dio 49.14.5). He received high honors upon his return to Rome, including an ovatio and the personal sacrosanctity of a Tribune of the Plebs (App. BC 5.130-132; Dio 49.15; cf. on the ovatio, Act. Tr., Degrassi 86f., 569; Fast. Barb., ibid. 342f.; Res Gest. D. Aug. 4; Suet. Aug. 22; Oros. 6.18.34; Jerome Chr. ad ann. 33, p. 162 Helm). He now gave attention to the problem of restoring order in Italy (App. BC 5.132; cf. CIL 12.2.1860-ILS 2488; Suet. Aug. 32. 1; see Promagistrates, on Calvisius). Meantime Antony proceeded with his long-planned invasion of Parthia. Though he lost his siege train on the way he penetrated through Armenia to Phraaspa and besieged the town, but was compelled to raise the siege by the approach of winter, and suffered great losses on the retreat from both the Parthians and the wintry conditions (Plut. Ant. 37-51; Dio 49.24-32; cf. Liv. Per. 130; Strabo 11.13.4, and 14.9; Vell. 2.82.1-3; Frontin. Str. 2.3.15; Flor. 2.20; Iustin 42.5.3; Eutrop. 7.6; Auct. Vir. Ill. 85.4; Oros. 6.19.1; Zonar. 10.26). This year saw also the completion of much, of Antony's reorganization of the client kingdoms and lesser principalities of Syria and Asia Minor (for the texts, see on Asia Minor, Broughton, ESAR 4.588-590; and a full discussion in Magie, Roman Rule in Asia Minor (Broughton MRR II)
  • Monetalis. See MRR 2.431; Sydenham's date, 66 B.C. (cf. Sumner, Phoenix 25, 1971, 265; C. D. Hamilton, TAPhA 100, 1969, 198), has been revised by Crawford, RRC 1.443, no. 419, to 61 B.C. Curule Aedile 53? See MRR 2.228, and note also Asconius' comment when he was interrex in 52: is enim magistratus curulis erat creatus, where the implication seems to be that he had only recently attained that rank. See E. S. Staveley, Historia 3, 1954, 196-197. Interrex 52. See MRR 2.236. A difficulty is raised in that Asconius (430 names his wife Cornelia, while the wife named by whom he had children was Iunia, daughter of Servilia and D. Iunius Silanus (163). Cos. 62. J. C. Ruebel would emend his praenomen M. to M'., and identify the interrex as M'. Aemilius Lepidus (62). Cos. 66 (TAPhA 109, 1979, 231- 249). But this involves three changes in the text of Asconius, and one in Cic. Mil. 13. The senior consular, if still alive, might well have been the more suitable choice, but on our evidence it seems better to accept M. Lepidus, and suppose his remarriage to Iunia after divorce from Cornelia or her death. Triumvir R. P. C. 11, 37-36, and governor of Africa. See MRR 2.396. In an inscription found at Thabraca in Africa, he has the following titles: imp. tert, pont. max., III vir r. p. c. bis, cos. Iter. It may be dated between spring 37 and his removal from office in September 36. (J. Guey and A. Pernette, Karthago 9, 1958, 79-87; AEpig. 1959, no. 57; ILLRP 1276). (Broughton MRR III)

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