Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic

CORN0817 Cn. Cornelius (345) L. f. L. n. Scipio Calvus

Status

  • Patrician
  • Nobilis Expand

    Liv. 28.42.5

Life Dates

  • 256?, birth (Develin 1979) Expand

    Develin no. 31.

  • 211, death - violent (Broughton MRR I) Expand

    KIA, in Spain against Carthaginian forces.

Relationships

son of
L. Cornelius (323) L. f. Cn. n. Scipio (cos. 259) (RE)
brother of
P. Cornelius (330) L. f. L. n. Scipio (cos. 218) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. Hann. 5 (18), App. Hann. 56 (236), Cic. Cato 75, Dio frg. 57 (38) (XVI), Flor. I 22.36, Flor. I 33.6, Liv. XXI 41.2, Liv. XXIV 41.7, Pol. III 56.5, Pol. III 99.4 u. 6, Pol. VIII 1 (3).4, Val. Max. VIII 15.11, Vell. II 90.2

father of
Cn. Cornelius (346) Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Hispallus (cos. 176) (RE)
P. Cornelius (350) Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Nasica (cos. 191) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Vell. II 3.1

Cornelia (405) (daughter of Cn. Cornelius (345) L. f. L. n. Scipio Calvus (cos. 222)) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

Amm. Marc. XIV 6.11

uncle of
P. Cornelius (336) P. f. L. n. Scipio Africanus Maior (cos. 205) (Zmeskal 2009) Expand

App. Ib. 18

Career

  • Consul 222 (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Polyb. 2.34.1; Fast. Cap. (names entire); Plut. Marc. 6.1; Eutrop. 3.6; Chr. 354; Fast. Hyd.; Chr. Pasc.; Cassiod.; Zon. 8.20; and on Marcellus, Act. Tr.; Liv. Per. 20; Plut. Marc. 1.1; Auct. Vir. Ill. 45; Oros. 4.13.5; Degrassi 44f., 118, 442f. The Consuls engaged the Insubrian and Gaesate Gauls at Acerrae; then Marcellus followed a force which had crossed the Po and was besieging Clastidium, and in his victory won also the spolia opima; then he rejoined his colleague to share the capture of Mediolanum and the end of the war (on the campaign, Polyb. 2.34-35; Plut. Marc. 6-8; Frontin. Str. 4.5.4; Eutrop. 3.6; Oros. 4.13.15; Zon. 8.20; cf. Liv. Per. 20; Naevius, fr. Praetext. 2 R; on the spolia opima, Act. Tr.; Plut. Marc. 7-8; Rom. 16.7-8; Comp. Pelop. and Marc. 1.2; cf. Cic. Tusc. 4.49; Liv. Per. 20; Verg. Aen. 6.855-9 and Serv. ad loc.; Prop. 4.10.39-44; Manil. Astr. 1.787f.; Val. Max. 3.2.5; Sil. Ital. 1.133; 3.587; 12.279f.; Frontin. Str. 4.5.4; Flor. 1.20.5; Eutrop. 3.6; Ampel. 21; Auct. Vir. Ill. 45; Oros. 4.13.15; Fest. 204 L; cf. Grueber, CRRBM 1.567; Cesano, Stud. Num. 1 [1942] 164-166). Marcellus celebrated a triumph over Insubrian Gauls and Germans (Act. Tr., Degrassi 78f., 550; Plut. Rom. 16.7-8; Marc. 8.1-5; Sil. Ital. 12.279f.; Eutrop. 3.6; cf. Flor. 1.20.4). He vowed an aedes to Virtus (Liv. 29.11.13; cf. 27.28.7-9; Cic. Verr. 2.4.120-123; ND 2.61; Rep. 1.21). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Triumphator? 222 (Itgenshorst 2005) Expand
    • Triumph? de Galleis Insubribus. Itgenshorst no.155a (triumphus incertus). Not listed in MRR or Rich. (Itgenshorst 2005)
  • Legatus (Lieutenant) 218 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Livy and Polybius here refer to Cn. Scipio merely as the brother of the Consul, but Livy (21.40.3) later has Publius say that Cnaeus was fighting under his auspices. The phrase in Zonaras in {Gr} (8.23), while Appian (Ib. 14) designates him as Legate ({Gr}). At this time he seems to have been a deputy, probably appointed pro praetore in the absence of his commander (cf. Mommsen, Str. 2.652, note 2). Later he held the imperium in his own right (see 217 and 212, Promagistrates). (Broughton MRR I)
    • Set out with his brother the Consul for Spain, and continued the campaign there when the latter returned to Italy (Polyb. 3.49.4, and 76; Liv. 21.32.3-4, and 40.3, and 60-61; App. Ib. 14; Zon. 8.25). (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 217 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Though probably a Legate under his brother in 218 (see 218, note 11), Cn. Scipio is subsequently described in Livy as an imperator (25.32.1, cf. 37.9; 26.2.5; 27.4.6), a term which implies possession of imperium (Mommsen, Str. 2.652, note 2). Finally, the specific prorogation of his command for 212 (Liv. 25.3.6) indicates that he held the imperium in his own right. His presence in Spain is mentioned by Frontinus (4.3.4) and Valerius Maximus (4.4.10). (Broughton MRR I)
    • See above on P. Scipio; and Liv. 22.19-21; cf. Frontin. Str. 4.7.9. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 216 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Probably Proconsul in Spain, see 217, note 10; and above, on P. Scipio. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 215 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Province: Spain; imperium prorogued (see 217, note 10). For his activities this year, see above, on P. Scipio. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 214 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Proconsul in Spain (see 217, note 10). See above, on P. Scipio. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 213 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Proconsul in Spain (see 217, note 10). See above, on P. Scipio. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 212 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • Imperium prorogued in Spain (Liv. 25.3.6). See above, P. Scipio. (Broughton MRR I)
  • Promagistrate 211 Hispania (Broughton MRR I) Expand
    • These were destroyed in turn by Carthaginian forces in southern Spain (Polyb. 10.6.2, and 7.1, cf. 8.38; Liv. 25.32-36; 26.2.5; Val. Max. 2.7.15; 3.7.1; Sil. It. 13.381-384; App. Ib. 16; Eutrop. 3.14; Oros. 4.17.12; Zon. 9.5; cf. Cic. Off. 1.61; 3.16; Rep. 1.1; Parad. 1.12; Sen. 75 and 82; Tusc. 1.89; ND 3.80; Schol. Ambros. 276 Stangl). On the chronology, see De Sanctis, 3.2.446, note 4. (Broughton MRR I)

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